Laboratory testing in early January confirmed the presence of Highly Pathogenic H5 Avian Influenza (HPAI) in seven dead snow geese discovered in Worcester and Dorchester counties, as well as in a poultry facility in Caroline County. Often referred to as “bird flu,” the virus is airborne and spreads quickly among birds. It is now considered endemic within Maryland’s wild bird populations, particularly in waterfowl and raptors. While the risk to human health is low, experts advise that people handling wild birds take precautions to reduce the spread of the virus.
Hunting remains safe, provided hunters follow safety guidelines. Hunters are advised not to harvest or handle wild birds that are visibly sick or dead. Proper hygiene, including washing hands with soap and water or using hand sanitizer after handling game, is essential. Disposable gloves should be worn, and offal and feathers should be double-bagged for disposal. Dedicated clothing, boots, and tools used to clean game should not be used near poultry or pet birds. Cooking harvested waterfowl to an internal temperature of 165 degrees kills any potential viruses or bacteria.
Individuals feeding songbirds in winter may continue doing so, as songbirds have a very low risk of contracting or spreading the virus. Outdoor activities such as hiking or photography in areas with wild birds are also considered safe. However, people should avoid contact with sick or dead birds.
Reports of sick or dead wild birds can be made by calling 1-877-463-6497, available from 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday, except on state holidays. Those with out-of-state phone numbers may call 410-349-8055.
Further information about HPAI and methods to protect domestic poultry from exposure can be found on the U.S. Department of Agriculture website.